关键词: 水稻, 节水灌溉技术, 节水灌溉装备, 智能灌溉装置

Abstract:

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current contradiction between the supply and demand of agricultural water resources in China, as well as the research status of water-saving irrigation for rice. The study systematically summarizes and analyzes the research from two perspectives: water-saving irrigation technologies and water-saving irrigation equipment. It identifies existing problems, proposes corresponding solutions, and anticipates development trends, aiming to offer theoretical support for future research on rice stress resistance and water-saving irrigation in China. Rain-adapted irrigation and rainwater-storage irrigation are the most prevalent water-saving irrigation modes in rice cultivation. On large-scale farms, integrated water and fertilizer devices and sprinkler irrigation systems are the most commonly used rice irrigation machinery. Currently, research on water-saving irrigation for rice in China mainly faces the following challenges: there is a significant lack of independent research on irrigation technologies for specific terrains; the existing irrigation equipment is not accurate enough in determining the irrigation area, resulting in insufficient irrigation water supply; the water resource utilization efficiency of mechanical irrigation is low, and the effective irrigation rate needs further enhancement; the coverage of modernization renovation for irrigation districts is limited, and promotion efforts are insufficient; irrigation technologies in urban and rural areas are complex, and operational maintenance and technical support are inadequate. To address these issues, the following measures can be taken in the future. Firstly, vigorously develop intelligent irrigation devices suitable for different terrains. Secondly, optimize the structure of water emitters and promote research on constant-pressure technology in water conveyance pipelines. Thirdly, increase publicity efforts for water-saving irrigation technologies, improve relevant laws and regulations regarding subsidies for irrigation district renovation, and establish advanced demonstration parks for water-saving irrigation in urban and rural areas. Fourthly, intensify the promotion of technical services for water-saving irrigation in urban and rural areas. Through these initiatives, we can drive the high-quality development of China’s rice water-saving irrigation industry and inject strong momentum into rural revitalization.

Key words: rice, water-saving irrigation technology, water-saving irrigation equipment, intelligent irrigation device