植物工厂条件下不同光通量密度对水稻生长发育的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用盆栽试验，以湘早籼45号为试验材料，在16 h光照、8 h暗期循环条件下，设置4种光强处理[L1=300 μmol/（m²·s）、L2=450 μmol/（m²·s）、L3=600 μmol/（m²·s）、L4=750 μmol/（m²·s）]，研究在不同光通量密度下水稻的株高、分蘖数、叶绿素含量、光合特性、荧光参数及干物质量的变化规律。结果表明，低光通量密度处理（L1、L2）使水稻株高、分蘖数、叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）、潜在光化学效率（Fv/F₀）、最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm ）和非光化学猝灭（NPQ）增加，使干物质量、根冠比、净光合速率（Pn）和实际光化学效率（ФPSⅡ）下降；过高的光通量密度处理（L4）使水稻的SPAD 值、Fv/F₀、Fv /Fm 、ФPSⅡ和Pn等参数下降，使 NPQ升高；在适宜的光通量密度（L3）条件下，水稻具有较为合适的形态特征，且具有较高的光合速率及干物质量。可见，光通量密度过低或过高都会对水稻造成不同程度的伤害，最终导致减产，故水稻在室内栽培的时候适宜的光通量密度为600 μmol/（m²·s）。

关键词: 水稻, 植物工厂, 光通量密度, 生长发育, 光合特性

Abstract:

A pot experiment was conducted using rice cultivar Xiangzaoxian 45 as the test material. Under a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod cycle, four light intensity treatments were set: [L1=300 μmol/(m²·s), L2=450 μmol/(m²·s), L3=600 μmol/(m²·s), L4=750 μmol/(m²·s)]. The study investigated the changes in plant height, tiller number, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, fluorescence parameters, and dry matter accumulation of rice under different light flux densities (PPFD) conditions. The results showed that low light flux density treatment (L1, L2) increased plant height, tiller number, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value), potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/F₀), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ), and non-photochemical burst (NPQ) of rice, while decreasing dry matter, root-crown ratio, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and actual photochemical efficiency (ФPSII). However, too high light flux density treatment (L4) led to a decrease in parameters such as SPAD value, Fv/F₀, Fv/Fm, Φ PSII, and Pn in rice, while increasing NPQ. Under appropriate light flux density conditions(L3), rice had suitable morphological characteristics and higher photosynthetic rate and dry matter weight. It can be seen that too low or too high light flux density will cause different degrees of damage to rice, ultimately lead to a reduction in rice yields. Therefore, the appropriate light flux density for indoor cultivation of rice is 600 μmol/(m²·s).

Key words: rice, plant factory, light flux density, growth and development, photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

S511.048

陈龙, 高志强, 金宇豪. 植物工厂条件下不同光通量密度对水稻生长发育的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2025, 31(3): 30-36.

CHEN Long, GAO Zhiqiang, JIN Yuhao. Effects of Different Light Flux Densities on Rice Growth and Development under Plant Factory Conditions[J]. China Rice, 2025, 31(3): 30-36.

图/表 6

表1 不同光通量密度对分蘖数和株高的影响

表2 不同光通量密度对干物质量和根冠比的影响

图 1 不同光通量密度对SPAD值的影响

图 2 不同光通量密度对Fv/F0、Fv/Fm、Fv′/Fm′的影响

图 3 不同光通量密度对ΦPSⅡ、qP、NPQ的影响

图 4 不同光通量密度对光合特性的影响

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