粮食的发展与国家的粮食政策息息相关。粮食政策如果促进粮食生产，则社会稳定繁荣，人民生活幸福；如果粮食政策阻碍粮食生产，税捐过多，将导致有田无人耕种，造成社会和政局不稳。从古至今，我国许多粮食政策更是由稻米引发建立，有些甚至以米命名，如“米袋子省长负责制”等。本文概要介绍和分析了我国自古代、近代和新中国成立后至改革开放前这一时期的粮食政策。

Grain development is greatly relate to the grain policy of a country or region. Social is stable when grain policy promotes grain production and equilibrium distribution, and is not stable when tax is too much and other grain policy inhibits grain production. In china, since the ancient times, many grain policy established from rice and rice production, even named as “rice”, such as “provincial governors assuming responsiblity for the rice bag”. Rice and grain policy of ancient and modern China before reform and opening up are discussed in the paper.