专论与研究

氮肥运筹对鄂南直播稻生长、产量及氮素吸收的影响

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  • 华中农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉 430070

网络出版日期: 2014-09-20

基金资助

公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303103);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2011PY150;2013PY113);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT1247)

Effect of Nitrogen Application Regime on the Growth, Yield and Nitrogen uptake of Direct-seeding Rice in the South of Hubei Province

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Online published: 2014-09-20

摘要

采用田间试验,研究了氮肥运筹对直播稻生长、产量及氮素吸收的影响,以期为氮肥的合理施用提供依据。结果表明,施用氮肥增产效果明显,与不施氮处理(T1)相比,平均增产1 010 kg/hm2,增产率17.0%,其中氮肥分3次施用的处理增产效果最佳,增产1 468 kg/hm2,增产率24.7%;氮肥的施用能够显著增加水稻吸氮量,各施氮处理在苗期、分蘖末期、齐穗期和收获期吸氮量与T1相比分别增加34%、125%、80%和39%;氮肥的合理运筹显著提高了氮肥吸收利用率,与氮肥全部作基肥处理相比,氮肥50%作基肥、30%作苗肥、20%作分蘖肥(T4)和氮肥35%作基肥、30%作苗肥、15%作分蘖肥、20%作穗肥(T5)分别提高了22个和28个百分点。综合分析认为,本试验条件下,T4处理的氮肥运筹效果最好,可以在鄂南直播稻生产上推广应用。

本文引用格式

侯文峰,李小坤*,李云春,任 涛,丛日环,鲁剑巍 . 氮肥运筹对鄂南直播稻生长、产量及氮素吸收的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2014 , 20(5) : 22 -26 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.05.005

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in Chibi city, to study the effects of nitrogen (N) application regime on the growth, yield and N uptake of direct-seeding rice in the current production conditions in order to provide evidence for scientific application of N fertilizer. The results showed that the application of N increased the yield significantly by 1 010 kg/hm2 and 17.0% compared to that of the treatment of no N (T1). And the increase of yield of the treatment of total N splited 3 times was the most, increased by 1 468 kg/hm2 and 24.7%. The N uptake of the treatment of N application in the stage of seeding, tillering, full heading and harvest were increased by 34%, 125%, 80% and 39% compared to that of the T1 treatment. Reasonable application of N improved the nitrogen fertilizer use utilization significantly. The N recovery efficiency of the treatment of split application (T4 and T5) were increased by 22 and 28 percentage point compared to that of the treatment of total N as basal fertilizer. Under the trial condition, the treatment of 50% of total N as basal fertilizer, 30% as seedling fertilizer and 20% as tillering fertilizer was the best, and it is worthy of extending to application.

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