我国从20世纪70年代开始水稻育秧基质研究。合理利用水稻育秧基质，培育健壮秧苗，提高机插质量，是提升水稻机械化种植技术的关键，对我国水稻全程机械化发展具有重要意义。本文重点介绍了我国水稻育秧基质发展历程、主要基质类型及特征，分析了基质研究过程中出现的问题与发展趋势，以期为研究和推广水稻育秧基质，提升我国水稻种植机械化水平提供参考。

Rice seedling substrates in China have been studied since 1970s. Developing rice substrate is the key point to improve the mechanized planting technology. Appropriate substrate can enhance the rice seedlings quality which was suitable for machine-transplanted and conducive to the development of full mechanization in rice cultivation. This paper introduced the history of the rice substrates, types and properties. The problems for rice substrate study were analyzed and the development trend was also pointed out in this paper, which was beneficial to the research and extension of rice seedling substrate and could provide a reference for promoting the rice planting mechanization.