以2004－2013年期间浙江水稻生产的成本、效益数据为依据，比较分析了不同年份、不同品种以及不同季节的水稻生产成本效益。结果显示，浙江省水稻生产的成本增幅高于谷价涨幅，成本推动型特征明显；双季籼稻成本利润率低于单季粳稻，“单季化”、“粳稻化”趋势将更加明显；成本利润率相对较高，规模增效是提高种稻收益的根本途径；种稻净利润持续下滑，稳定水稻面积的难度越来越大，最后提出了如何提高浙江水稻生产效益的政策建议。

Based on the cost-benefit data of rice production in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2013, this paper investigated the changes of the cost- benefit of rice production in the past decade, and the differences among varieties and seasons. The results showed that: （1） rice production cost increased greater than the market price, resulting in cost driven price increases in the rice market. （2） the profit margin of double-crop indica rice was lower than the single-crop japonica rice, the trend of single cropping and the preference of japonica rice will be more obvious. （3） with a relative higher profit margin, scale management is the fundamental way to improve rice benefits. （4） it becomes more and more difficult to maintain the rice planting area due to the declining profit margin for rice production. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the benefit of rice production in Zhejiang Province.