以超级稻天优3618为材料,研究不同基蘖肥与穗肥比例对天优3618产量的影响。结果表明,基蘖肥、穗肥比例为7∶3、6∶4、5∶5的处理产量较高,比10∶0、9∶1、8∶2处理增产显著,增产的主要原因在于有效穗数增加、成穗率和收获指数高、籽粒饱满。因此,适当增加穗肥施用比例,有利于超级稻产量的增加,考虑到中期施肥安全性问题, 7∶3是超级稻天优3618比较适宜基蘖肥与穗肥比例。
The effects of base tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer ratio on the yield and yield formation of super rice Tianyou 3618 was studied in the fields. The results showed that the yield of basic tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer ratio of 7∶3, 6∶4, 5∶5 treatment significantly higher, compared to ratio of 10∶0, 9∶1, 8∶2 treatment. The main reason for the yield increase was increase of effective panicle number, panicle rate, high harvest index and grain plumpness. Therefore, appropriate increase in panicle fertilizer application rate will increase rice yield.Considering the security of the medium-term fertilization, base tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer ratio 7∶3 was the suitable ratio for super rice Tianyou 3618.
[1] 中国农业部. 中国超级稻育种—背景、现状和展望.新世纪农业曙光计划项目[R]. 北京:中国农业部,1996.
[2] 李木英,石庆华,王涛,等. 氮肥运筹对陆两优996吸氮、干物质生产和产量的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报,2008,30(2):488-493.
[3] 杨漫江,胡腾胜. 氮钾肥配施比例对准两优527产量及化肥利用率影响[J]. 贵州农业科学,2006,34(4):42-43.
[4] Jiang X L, Zheng J G, Chi Z Z, et al. Dynamic responses of super rice Ⅱyou 602 plants to different nitrogen leves and configuration modes[J]. Agric Sci & Techn, 2012, 13(3): 574.
[5] 李世峰,刘蓉蓉,朱从海,等. 氮肥运筹对超级稻生长和产量的影响[J]. 安徽农业科技,2009,37(2):705-707.
[6] 卢铁钢,崔月峰,孙国才,等. 氮肥运筹对水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响[J]. 作物研究,2012,26(4):320-323.
[7] 孙国才,崔月峰,卢铁钢. 氮肥用量及前氮后移模式对水稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国稻米,2012,18(5):49-52.
[8] 刘桃菊,唐建军,江绍琳,等. 氮肥后移对超级稻扬两优6号产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 东北农林大学学报,2012,43(7):57-61.
[9] 张萃华. 氮素基蘖穗肥施用比例对水稻产量及氮钾吸收量的影响[J]. 现代农业科技,2012(4):66-67.
[10] 陈钦. 不同施肥方式对天优3301产量的影响[J].福建稻麦科技,2014,32(3):16-18.
[11] 戴平安,郑圣先,李学斌,等. 穗肥氮施用比例对两系杂交水稻氮素吸收、籽粒氨基酸含量和产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2006,20(1):79-83.
[12] 林忠成,李土明,吴福观,等. 基蘖肥与穗肥氮比例对双季稻产量和碳氮比的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(2):269-275.
[13] 陈爱忠,潘晓华,吴建富,等. 氮素施用比例对双季超级稻产量和氮素吸收、利用的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2011(3):40-44.