以楚粳38等5个粳稻品种为材料，研究了播期对不同粳稻品种产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明，这些粳稻品种在陕南种植时，随着播期的推迟，成熟期相应推迟，产量也逐步下降；随着播期推迟，灌浆结实期日平均气温的降低，粳稻品种的垩白粒率、垩白度极显著降低，外观品质变优；不同粳稻品种之间产量、稻米品质差异显著。因此，选用优质、高产品种同时适当延迟播种，是解决陕南地区粳稻品种产量和稻米品质矛盾的有效途径。

The effects of sowing date on yield and quality of different japonica rice were studied in this paper, with five japonica rice as materials. The results showed that the mature stage of rice delayed and the yield decreased with the sowing date delayed. Meanwhile, the chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree were significantly decreased due to the daily average temperature gradually decreased in rice grain filling stage. The yield and quality were significant between different japonica rice cultivars when japonica rice was planted in southern Shaanxi Province. Accordingly, selecting varieties with fine quality and high yield and delaying the sowing date reasonable were the effective ways to solve the contradictions between yield and quality.