为明确主要气象因子对黑龙江省水稻主产区水稻鞘腐病发生的影响，从2007年开始连续10年进行定点调查，收集水稻鞘腐病发生时期的气象因子及病情指数，采用通径分析及逐步回归的方法，对影响水稻鞘腐病病情指数的气象因子进行了研究。结果表明，8月份的平均温度是对水稻鞘腐病影响最大的气象因子，其次为8月份的平均降雨量和9月份的平均日照时数。试验结果为适期施药防治水稻鞘腐病奠定了基础。

In order to define the main meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of rice sheath rot in Heilongjiang Province, the authors investigated the occurrence of rice sheath rot from 2007 to 2016 by the point-survey way, and collected the meteorological factors and disease index during rice sheath rot occurrence period. By means of path analysis, the meteorological factors and the disease index of rice sheath rot were studied. The results showed that the average temperature in August was the most influential meteorological factor to rice sheath rot, followed by the average rainfall in August and the average sunshine hours in September. The test results lay a foundation for the proper control of rice sheath rot disease.