贮藏蛋白是稻米中的第二大主要成分，是影响稻米食味品质和营养价值的重要因素。对水稻中谷蛋白、醇溶蛋白、清蛋白、球蛋白等4大类贮藏蛋白在基因组中的分布、基因结构、表达模式以及各个蛋白家族内不同拷贝的进化关系进行研究。结果表明，谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白在基因组上的拷贝数较多，分别有15个和28个基因拷贝检测到表达。谷蛋白家族可分为3个亚家族，醇溶蛋白分为2个亚家族，并根据不同拷贝的亲缘关系对未命名的基因进行命名。清蛋白和球蛋白拷贝数较少，清蛋白有5个拷贝，其中SSA1、SSA5表达量较高，其他拷贝表达相对较低，而球蛋白的3个拷贝表达量都极低。本文为水稻贮藏蛋白以及稻米品质的研究提供了理论参考。
Storage protein is the second most important component of rice grain, which is one of the important evaluation factor affecting the tasting and nutrition quality. By investigation of the genome location, gene structure, expression mode and phylogenetic relationship of rice glutelin, prolamin, albumin and globulin, the results showed that glutelin and prolamin genes had multiple copies in the rice genome, which had 15 and 28 copies, respectively. The glutelin family could be classified into three subfamilies, and the prolamin family could be divided into two subfamilies. According to the relationship of gene copies, unnamed copies were assigned proper nomenclature. The albumin and globulin families had fewer copies. The albumin family had five copies. Of the five copies, the SSA1 and SSA5 copies had relatively higher expression level, and the other three copies were expressed at low level. The expression of three copies of the globulin family were extremely low. This study provide a theoretical guide for rice seed storage protein research.
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