为促进黑龙江省优质水稻育种工作，选取9个品质优良的日本粳稻品种和9个黑龙江省近10年审定并大面积推广的优质粳稻品种为材料，对两者的株型性状和品质性状进行比较分析。结果表明，黑龙江品种和日本品种株型差异显著，黑龙江品种的株高和上3节间粗度显著高于日本品种；黑龙江品种上3叶叶片较日本品种长且宽；日本品种叶片直立性要好于黑龙江品种；黑龙江品种穗长、穗质量、粒质量等优于日本品种；黑龙江品种和日本品种在碾磨品质和外观品质方面差异不显著，黑龙江品种直链淀粉含量和食味评分略高于日本品种，蛋白质含量略低于日本品种。

To promote high quality rice breeding in Heilongjiang province, the plant type traits and quality traits of 9 Japanese japonica rice varieties and 9 Heilongjiang japonica rice varieties were compared in this study. The results showed that there were significant differences in plant type between Heilongjiang varieties and Japanese varieties, the plant height and the diameter of upper 3 internodes of Heilongjiang varieties were higher than that of Japanese varieties significantly. The up 3 leaf of Heilongjiang varieties were longer and wider than Japanese varieties. The blade perpendicularity of Japanese varieties was generally superior to Heilongjiang varieties. Panicle length，panicle weight and grain weight of Heilongjiang varieties were superior to Japanese varieties. There were no significant difference in milling quality and appearance quality between Heilongjiang varieties and Japanese varieties. The amylose content and taste of Heilongjiang varieties were slightly higher than that of Japanese varieties, the protein content was slightly lower than Japanese varieties.