以湖南省近年来实施的1 748个的大样本早、中、晚稻“3414”肥效试验数据为研究对象，分析土壤速效养分与基础产量的相关性和影响程度。结果表明，土壤速效养分与早、中、晚稻的空白基础产量和无氮、无磷、无钾基础产量呈极显著的正相关，其中，碱解氮含量与基础产量相关性最大，其次是速效钾和有效磷含量；通径分析表明，全肥区产量对基础产量的直接作用最大。因此，可利用其显著的相关性建立回归模型估算基础产量，获得水稻推荐施肥的空白基础产量，无氮、无磷、无钾基础产量，继而计算出氮、磷、钾肥利用率、土壤有效养分校正系数和相对产量等技术参数，校正和制定推荐施肥方案，应用于指导水稻科学施肥。

The correlation and influence of soil available nutrient on base yield were analyzed, using 1748 data of rice “3414” fertilizer test of Hunan province in recent years. The results showed that the soil available nutrients were highly significant positive correlated with the yield of rice in the non fertilization basal yield and no N, P, K basal yield among them, the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen had the greatest correlation with basal yield, followed by available K and available P. The path analysis showed that total fertilization yield had the greatest direct effect on yield. Therefore, the regression mathematical model can be used to estimate the basal yield by its significant correlation, the non fertilization basal yield and no N, P, K basal yield could be obtained, Then, the use efficiency of N, P, K fertilizer, soil effective nutrient correction coefficient and relative yield were calculated. It could calibrate and develop recommendation fertilization scheme, and guide scientific fertilization of rice production.