秸秆还田与施氮量对杂交籼稻氮素利用效率及产量的影响
网络出版日期: 2019-05-20
基金资助
公益性行业（农业）科研专项子项目（201503118-03）；国家自然科学基金（31360311；31160263）；贵州省农业科技攻关项目（黔科合支撑[2019]2303号；黔科合支撑[2016]2563号；黔科合NY[2013]3005号；黔科合NY[2011]3085号）；贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目（GNYL［2017］009）；贵州省特色粮油作物栽培与生理生态研究科技创新人才团队（黔科合平台人才[2019]5613号）；贵州省高层次创新型人才项目（黔科合平台人才[2018]5632）
Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Application Rate on Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Indica Hybrid Rice
以杂交籼稻内5优5399为材料，研究了秸秆还田与施氮量对杂交籼稻氮素利用效率及产量的影响。结果表明，水稻前中期秸秆离田处理的各器官的氮素积累显著高于秸秆还田处理，后期叶的氮素积累、氮素农学利用率、氮肥生理利用率、氮素籽粒生产效率和每穗总粒数秸秆还田处理显著高于秸秆离田处理。随着施氮量的增加，水稻各个时期的器官的氮素积累均有增加的趋势，氮肥偏生产力、氮肥生理利用率、氮素籽粒生产效率和氮素干物质生产效率有降低趋势，氮素农学利用率、氮收获指数及产量有先增加后降低的趋势。在秸秆还田和施氮量150 kg/hm2条件下，杂交籼稻产量最高，达9 758.02 kg/hm2，较秸秆离田和不施氮组合增产18.9%，可为该地区水稻的增产提供技术支撑。
苏卫1,冯跃华1,2*,许桂玲1,管正策1,欧达1,张佳凤1,王玲莉1,陈勇1 . 秸秆还田与施氮量对杂交籼稻氮素利用效率及产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2019 , 25(3) : 60 -64 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.03.013
The effects of straw returning and nitrogen application rate on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of indica hybrid rice Nei 5 you 5399 were studied. The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation in the early and middle stages of rice in different organs of straw leaving treatment were significantly higher than that of straw returning treatment. The leaf nitrogen accumulation, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency, physiological utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen grain production efficiency and total grain number per panicle of straw returning treatment in the late stage were significantly higher than that of straw leaving treatment. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the accumulation of nitrogen in rice organs at all stages tended to increase; the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, physiological utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen grain production efficiency and nitrogen dry matter production efficiency tended to decrease; agronomic nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen harvest index and yield tended to increase first and then decrease. Under the condition of straw returning and N application rate 150 kg/hm2, the maximum yield of indica hybrid rice was 9 758.02 kg/hm2, which was 18.9% higher than the combination of straw leaving and no nitrogen application, which could provide technical support for increasing rice yield in this area.
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