氮肥与穴苗数对机插优质稻南粳9108产量及主要品质性状的影响
Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Seedling Number per Hill on Yield and Quality of Nangeng 9108 with Mechanical Transplanting
以优质粳稻南粳9108为机插材料，设置每hm2 施纯氮225 kg、270 kg和315 kg 3个施氮水平，3苗/穴和5苗/穴2个栽插密度，研究了施氮量和穴苗数对南粳9108产量及主要品质性状的影响。结果表明，随施氮量增加，产量呈先增后减趋势，270 kg/hm2处理产量显著或极显著高于其他处理，加工品质中的精米率和整精米率呈下降趋势，外观品质得到改善，但食味品质变劣，RVA谱特征值中的峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值、最终黏度变小，而消减值和糊化温度升高；随穴栽苗数增加，低氮处理实产增加，中、高氮处理呈降低趋势，加工品质和外观品质均变劣，食味值也降低，RVA谱特征值各指标呈上升趋势；施氮量270 kg/hm2和3苗/穴的组合南粳9108实测产量最高，施氮量为225 kg/hm2和5苗/穴的组合可实现稳产优质的目标。本文总结了机插稻南粳9108高产优质栽培技术关键，可为进一步扩大该品种的种植面积提供技术参考。
张军1,王爱华1,方书亮1,裘实2,周冬冬1,刘忠红1 . 氮肥与穴苗数对机插优质稻南粳9108产量及主要品质性状的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2020 , 26(1) : 84 -88 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2020.01.019
Taking high-quality japonica rice Nangeng 9108 as the material, the effects of nitrogen rate and seedling number per hill on the yield and main quality traits of Nangeng 9108 were studied. The results showed that nitrogen rate, seedling number per hill and their interaction had significant or extremely significant effects on the yield and quality. With the increase of nitrogen rate, the yield increased first and then decreased, when nitrogen rate is 270 kg/hm2, the yield was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of other treatments; milled rice rate and head milled rice rate showed a decreasing trend, the appearance quality improved, however the eating quality became worse; the peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity, disintegration value and final viscosity of RVA spectrum characteristic values decreased, but setback viscosity and gelatinization temperature increased. With the increase of seedling number per hill, the actual yield of low-nitrogen treatment increased, but the yield of medium and high nitrogen treatments showed a decreasing trend; the processing quality, appearance quality and tasting value all decreased; the characteristic values of RVA spectrum showed an increasing trend. The grain yield of Nanjing 9108 was the highest when nitrogen application rate was 270 kg/hm2 and 3 seedlings per hill, while the combination of 225 kg/hm2 and 5 seedlings per hill could achieve the goal of stable yield and high quality. In this paper, the high yield and good quality cultivation techniques of machine transplanted rice Nangeng 9108 were summarized, in order to provide technical reference for further expanding the planting area.
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