为探讨Mn2+浓度对不同水稻品种生长和养分吸收的影响，揭示不同水稻品种对Mn的耐性，及与冬水田水稻坐蔸的关系。本试验选用了2种当地水稻生产主推品种（绵优725和川香优506）为材料，通过水培模拟试验设置8个Mn2+梯度，研究其对2个水稻品种的生长、养分吸收的影响。结果表明，2个品种对Mn2+的耐性截然不同，川香优506较绵优725表现出对Mn2+更强的耐性。在Mn2+浓度为350 mg/L时，绵优725出现明显的Mn毒害症状，而川香优506没有表现出任何Mn毒害症状。在此Mn2+浓度下，绵优725的茎叶干质量仅为对照的（0 mg/L，下同）45.25%，根系干质量仅为对照的50.82%，根数仅为对照的65.93%，整株氮吸收量仅为对照的45.84%，整株磷吸收量仅为对照的64.98%，整株钾吸收量仅为对照的44.23%。而川香优506在Mn2+浓度为350 mg/L时这些指标都基本上高于对照，表明其生长与营养吸收未受到影响。可见，水稻品种的基因型差异是对Mn2+浓度响应变化的主要因素，适量的锰能够促进水稻对氮和磷的吸收，而过量的锰会对锰敏感型水稻的生长造成不利影响，在田间表现为坐蔸。这一发现对今后筛选适合长期淹水冬水田种植的水稻品种，无论是在育种上还是生产栽培上，都具有重要参考价值。
陈琨,武法池,喻华,上官宇先,曾祥忠,周子军,郭松,涂仕华,秦鱼生*
. Mn2+浓度对不同水稻品种生长和养分吸收的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2020
, 26(4)
: 25
-30
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2020.04.006
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of different Mn2+ concentration on growth and nutrient uptake of two rice varieties, to reveal the tolerance of two rice varieties to Mn toxicity and its relationship with rice akiochi or straighthead disease in the waterlogged paddy fields. A hydroponic simulation experiment was set up, using two locally produced rice varieties Mianyou 725 and Chuanxiangyou 506 as materials. The results indicated that the two rice varieties remarkably differed in their tolerance to Mn2+, Chuanxiangyou 506 showing much superior traits in tolerance to Mn stress in the hydroponic culture than Mianyou 725. When Mn2+ concentration was 350 mg/L, the symptoms of Mn toxicity were obviously seen in Mianyou 725. As a result, its dry weight of stem and leaves was reduced to 45.2% and the number of roots dropped to 65.9% compared with the control. Nutrient uptake by Mianyou 725 was also synchronously reduced at this Mn concentration, only 45.84% for total N, 64.98% for total P and 44.23% for total K in comparison to uptake of each nutrient by the control. However, the growth and nutrient uptake of Chuanxiangyou 506 were generally higher than the control, which implied that there were no adverse effects of Mn imposed on this strain. The rice responses to different Mn concentrations were mainly attributed to strain difference. Optimal Mn level could enhance rice growth and nutrient uptake, while excessive Mn adversely impacted the growth of the sensitive strain, resulting in akiochi disease in the field. This finding is helpful for screening the rice variety suitable to grow in the waterlogged field.
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