专论与研究

水稻“播喷同步”和“插喷同步”封闭除草技术

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  • 中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州310006

网络出版日期: 2020-09-20

基金资助

国家水稻产业技术体系资助项目( CARS-01);国家自然科学基金(31801304;31800344);中国农业科学院科技创新工程病虫草害防控技术创新团队项目;国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200304)

Effective Weed Control Technologies of “Seeding and Spray Synchronous” and “Transplanting and Spray Synchronous” in Paddy Fields

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Online published: 2020-09-20

摘要

杂草是常见的稻田有害生物,有效防治杂草是保障水稻高产稳产的前提。随着水稻轻简化、规模化种植步伐的加快,稻田杂草发生频次不断增加、危害面积不断增大。化学除草仍是目前最经济有效的防治办法。封闭除草被认为是较为经济稳妥的防控手段,但是在水稻种植前或者种植后使用除草剂,劳动强度大、费工费力、效果不稳定。“播喷同步”和“插喷同步”分别是针对机直播稻田和机插稻田研发的新型封闭除草技术,能够通过机械化同步精准用药,同时完成水稻种植和杂草防治两项工作,具有节本省工、安全高效、有效治理抗性杂草等特点。本文详细阐述了“播喷同步”和“插喷同步”技术要求及实际应用情况,以为该技术的进一步推广提供参考。

本文引用格式

杨永杰,张建萍,唐伟,于晓玥, 陆永良* . 水稻“播喷同步”和“插喷同步”封闭除草技术[J]. 中国稻米, 2020 , 26(5) : 48 -52 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2020.05.011

Abstract

Paddy weeds are common pests in rice fields, and effective control weeds is a prerequisite for ensuring high and stable yield of rice. With the acceleration of rice light-simplification and large-scale planting, the occurrence frequency of paddy weeds and the damage area are heavily increasing. At present, use of herbicide is still the most economical and effective way to control paddy weeds. Use the closed herbicide is considered to be more economic and safe prevention and control measure. However, common use these herbicides, which used before or after rice planting, are considered laborious and inefficient due to anthropogenic factor. Thus, “seeding and spray synchronization” and “transplanting and spray synchronization” are self-developed new technologies to control weeds in machine-seeding paddy field and machine-transplanting paddy field, respectively. Moreover, this technology could mechanized spray herbicides precisely, completing planting of rice and control weed at the same time. Thus, it could save labor and cost, use herbicides safety and efficiency, kill resistant weed accessions. In this article, we described the technologies requirements and its practical applications of “seeding and spray synchronization” and “transplanting and spray synchronization”, so as to provide some references for further promotion and application.

参考文献

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