为探讨长江下游稻麦轮作区应用水稻侧深施肥技术的减氮潜力,以水稻品种南粳5055为供试材料,采用单因子设计,设置5个处理,分别是当地农民习惯施氮(20.9 kg/667 m2)、减氮10%、20%、30%及40%,研究了不同减氮梯度下应用侧深施肥技术对水稻产量、产量构成因素、氮肥偏生产力及成本收益的影响。结果显示,在较习惯施氮方式减氮10%~20%的条件下应用水稻侧深施肥技术,能够保证水稻有效分蘖数,提高水稻结实率,实现水稻稳产增产;侧深施肥减氮处理水稻氮肥偏生产力较农民习惯施肥处理提高16.9%~32.41%;在减氮10%时实行侧深施肥既能实现增产,又能提高水稻种植收益。
In order to explore the nitrogen reduction potential of the side deep fertilization technology in the rice-wheat rotation area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the yield and yield components, nitrogen partial productivity and cost-benefit difference of rice variety Nangeng 5055 applying deep side fertilization technology under different nitrogen reduction gradients were studied. The single-factor design was adopted, and five treatments were set up: customary fertilization (nitrogen fertilizer amount is 20.9 kg/667 m2), nitrogen reduction by 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The results showed that, applying side deep fertilization technology under the condition of reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 10%~20% than customary fertilization could ensure the effective tiller number of rice, increase the rice seed setting rate, and rice yield. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer for rice in the side-depth fertilization and nitrogen reduction treatment was 16.90%~32.41% higher than that of the customary treatment. When nitrogen is reduced by 10%, the rice yield, and planting income could increased by side deep fertilization.
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