为减少化肥用量,提高种粮经济效益,以双季稻为材料,评价了不同类型缓（控）释肥对水稻产量、氮肥利用率及经济效益的影响。结果表明,在早稻上,施控释肥的处理产量较常规施肥处理增加4.49%,施木质素肥及缓释配方肥的处理较常规施肥处理减产0.60%~6.05%;在连作晚稻上,各缓（控）释肥处理比常规施肥处理增产1.01%~3.59%。从全年氮肥农学利用率及化肥减量增效情况看,除施缓释配方肥处理外,施木质素肥和施控释肥处理的氮肥农学效率均高于常规施肥处理。施控释肥的处理在减氮9.82%情况下,还增产增收2.01%;施木质素肥的处理在减氮19.44%和21.44%情况下,效益仅下降0.67%和1.07%。综合产量、肥料利用效率及经济效益等表现,控释肥和木质素肥在减少氮肥用量的情况下仍能够实现稳产增产,在经济效益不下降的情况下取得较好的生态效益,具有较高的推广应用前景。

In order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and improve the economic benefits of rice, the slow（controlled） release fertilizers were applied on rice production to evaluate the effects on yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic efficiency of double cropping rice. The results showed that, in early season rice, compared with the conventional fertilization treatment（C1）, the yield of controlled release fertilizer treatment（C5） increased by 4.49%, while the yield of lignin slow release fertilizer treatments （C3, C4） and slow release formulated fertilization treatment（C2） decreased by 0.60%~6.05%. In late season rice, compared with C1, the yields of C2, C3, C4 and C5 increased by 1.01%~3.59%. The nitrogen agronomic efficiency（NAE） of C3﹑C4 and C5 treatment were higher than that of C1 treatment. Compared with C1 treatment, the economic benefit of C5 treatment increased by 2.01% under the nitrogen fertilizer application reduced by 9.82%, while the economic benefits of C3 and C4 treatment were merely decreased by 0.67% and 1.07% under the nitrogen fertilizer application reduced by 19.44% and 21.44%, respectively. Comprehensive consideration of grain yield, fertilizer utilization efficiency and economic benefits, controlled release fertilizer and lignin fertilizer could still obtain higher grain yields and NAE while reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and achieve better ecological benefits without reducing economic benefits, which has good prospect of promotion and application.