分析了2008—2019年通过安徽省审定水稻品种的生育期、产量、抗性、米质等性状。结果表明,2008—2019年共有314个水稻品种通过安徽省审定,其中,籼稻257个、占比81.8%,粳稻57个、占比18.2%;种业企业是选育单位的主体,其参与选育的品种占比高达75.2%;随着年代的推进,除中粳稻品种外,通过审定品种的生育期总体呈延长趋势,晚籼稻和晚粳稻生育期表现更加明显;随着年代的推进,产量水平总体呈现上升趋势,晚粳稻增幅更加显著;对稻瘟病抗性的表现总体较为理想,大部分品种处于“中感”至“中抗”水平,但“抗”级以上品种占比仅为3.8%;对稻曲病抗性的表现同样较为理想,大部分品种处于“感”至“中抗”水平,“抗”级以上品种占比38.7%;米质达部颁标准3级及以上的品种占比83.1%,但达2级及以上的品种仅占36.3%。因此,要围绕“抗性更强、米质更优”进行安徽省的水稻育种。

The growth period, yield, resistance, quality and other traits of rice varieties approved by Anhui province from 2008 to 2019 were analyzed. The results showed that, from 2008 to 2019, a total of 314 rice varieties were approved by Anhui province, among them, there are 257 indica rice, accounting for 81.8%, and 57 japonica rice, accounting for 18.2%. The seed industry enterprise is the main body of the breeding unit, and the proportion of the varieties participating in the breeding is as high as 75.2%. Except for the middle japonica rice varieties, the growth period of the approved varieties is generally prolonged, and the performance of the late indica and late japonica rice is more obvious. The yield level shows an upward trend, and the increase of late japonica rice is more significant. The performance of resistance to rice blast is generally ideal. Most varieties are at the level of “medium sensitivity” to “medium resistance”, but the proportion of varieties above “resistance” level is only 3.8%; the performance of resistance to rice false smut is also ideal, most varieties are at the level of “sensitivity” to “medium resistance”, and the varieties above “resistance” account for 38.7%. 83.1% of the approved varieties reached the level 3 or above of the ministerial standard, but only 36.3% of them reached the level 2 or above of the ministerial standard. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out rice breeding around “stronger resistance and better rice quality” in Anhui province.