为明确不同生态和施肥条件下超级稻干物质积累、干物质空间分配等特性,以牡丹江28（V3）为对照,以黑龙江省牡丹江地区适宜种植、生产面积较为突出的超级稻品种龙稻5号和松粳9号为试验材料进行大田试验研究。结果表明,相同品种在不同肥力条件下干物质积累表现为低氮处理小于高氮处理,不同试验地区,超级稻干物质积累的变化规律相似,中后期干物质积累较快,总体表现为“前小、中稳、后高”的积累特征。水稻干物质在0~100 cm的空间范围内分布比较均匀,龙稻5号和松粳9号中上层干物质量大,单茎物质储存量明显高于牡丹江28。水稻茎秆各层干物质量是随着高度的增加而减小,同一肥力不同品种间各层干物质积累量表现为底层是牡丹江28>龙稻5>松粳9,其余各层均表现为松粳9>龙稻5>牡丹江28。相同品种配合不同肥力的条件下,各层穗干物质积累量整体呈现低氮处理小于高氮处理现象。较高的穗粒数和结实率是超级稻高产的主要原因,在不同土壤肥力条件下,超级稻品种都表现出较高的喜肥和耐肥特性。

To clarify the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and dry matter spatial distribution of super rice under different ecological and fertilization conditions, a field test was carried out with the super rice varieties Longdao 5 and Songgeng 9 as experimental materials, which were suitable for planting and producing more in Mudanjiang area of Heilongjiang province, and taking Mudanjiang 28（V3） as the control. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of the same varieties under low nitrogen conditions was less than that of under high nitrogen conditions, and dry matter accumulation of super rice varieties were similar in different test areas, the dry matter accumulation was faster in the middle and late stage, which was generally characterized by “small in the front, stable in the middle and high in the back”. Dry matter of rice was evenly distributed within a space of 0~100 cm. Dry matter of middle and upper layers of Longdao 5 and Songgeng 9 were higher, and the storage of single-stem matter was significantly higher than that of Mudanjiang 28. The dry matter weight of each layer of rice stems decreased with the increase of height. The dry matter accumulation of each layer among different varieties of the same fertility showed that the bottom layer was Mudanjiang 28> Longrice 5> Songgeng 9, and the uper layers were Songgeng 9 > Longrice 5> Mudanjiang 28. Under the condition of the same variety with different fertility, the dry matter accumulation of each panicle with low nitrogen was less than that of high nitrogen. High grain number per panicle and seed setting rate were the main reasons for high yield of super rice. Under the different soil fertility conditions, super rice varieties showed higher fertility and fertilizer tolerance.