节水抗旱稻（Water-saving and drought-resistance rice,WDR）是指既具有水稻高产优质特性,又具有旱稻节水抗旱特性的一种新的栽培稻类型（NY/T 2862-2015）,是在水稻科技进步的基础上,通过进一步整合现代优良水稻与旱稻品种的优良特性而成。节水抗旱稻的节水、抗旱和耐直播能力较强,可采用“旱直播旱管”的绿色栽培模式,可在水田不淹水栽培,大幅度节约灌溉用水,减少面源污染和甲烷排放,也可在旱地或山坡地种植,拓展水稻种植空间。本文简要介绍了节水抗旱稻的概念、特点以及培育与改良策略,表列了团队育成审定的23个节水抗旱稻品种及各自主要特点及适种区域,对节水抗旱稻的产业发展目标进行了讨论。

The Water-saving and drought-resistance rice refers to a new cultivated rice variety type (NY/T 2862-2015). It is formed by integrating the excellent characteristics of modern elite rice cultivar and upland rice variety based on the progress of rice science and technology. With the strong water saving, drought resistance and live broadcast tolerance ability, the WDR could be planted with the green cultivation mode of dry seeding with aerobic management. It could be cultivated not only in paddy fields without flooding, reduce non-point source pollution and methane emissions, but also in dry land or hillside land, which greatly expanded the plant space of rice. This paper briefly introduced the concept and characteristics of WDR, as well as the cultivation and improvement strategies, listed the 23 varieties bred by the unit and their chief characteristics and suitable areas, and discussed the industrial development goals of WDR.