提高水稻家庭农场全要素生产率是贯彻落实“谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全”新粮食安全观的重要举措。本文基于长江流域612户水稻家庭农场的微观调查数据，运用三阶段DEA模型实证研究水稻家庭农场全要素生产率。研究表明，年龄、受教育程度、农地细碎化程度等环境因素对水稻家庭农场全要素生产率具有重要影响；水稻家庭农场的耕种面积和规模报酬呈现倒U型关系，且适度经营规模区间为8.0~9.3 hm²；水稻家庭农场全要素生产率未达到有效的主要原因是规模效率相对较低。基于此，本研究主要从规范农地流转市场、完善家庭农场市场竞争机制、加快建设高标准农田、提升家庭农场主自身能力建设等方面提出相关对策建议，以有效提升水稻家庭农场全要素生产率。

Improving the total factor productivity of rice family farms is an important measurement to implement the new food security concept of “basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute security of grain rations”. Based on the microscopic survey data of 612 rice family farms in the Yangtze River basin, the total factor productivity of rice family farms was empirically studied using a three-stage DEA model. The study showed that environmental factors such as age, education level and farmland fragmentation had important influence on total factor productivity of rice family farm, farming area and scale remuneration were inverted U-type, moderate operating scale range was 8.0-9.3 hm², and the total factor productivity of rice family farm was in the relatively low scale efficiency. Based on this, we mainly put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of standardizing the farmland transfer market, improving the competition mechanism of family farm market, accelerating the construction of high-standard farmland, and improving the own capacity construction of family farmers, so as to effectively improve the total factor productivity of rice family farms.