
黄淮海平原高盐低产田水稻覆膜旱直播滴灌栽培技术的建立及应用效果
收稿日期: 2022-09-10
网络出版日期: 2023-03-14
基金资助
中国科学院STS项目“渤海粮仓高质量绿色发展技术集成与示范”(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-053)
Establishment and Application Effect of Dry Direct Seeding and Drip Irrigation Cultivation System with Mulching Film for Rice in High Salinity and Low Yield Fields of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain
Received date: 2022-09-10
Online published: 2023-03-14
水稻旱直播覆膜滴灌栽培技术是一项高效节水农业技术,实现了给水和施肥一体化操作,在农业生产用水紧张的地区有很好的利用前景。为了探索该技术在黄淮海平原高盐低产田中应用效果,选取100份抗旱耐盐粳稻品种为材料进行试验研究。结果表明,100个粳稻品种中,平均幼苗成活率大于80.0%品种有15个;分蘖数大于11.0的有12个;株高大于80.0 cm的有10个;最终筛选到3个理论产量大于400.0 kg/667 m2的品种。同时通过测量水稻各个生长期膜下土壤的含盐量,发现采用该技术可以将土壤含盐量从0.7%降低至0.2%,大幅减小了盐胁迫对水稻生长的影响。该技术不仅可以在黄淮海平原水稻旱直播中应用,也为当地的高盐低产田改造提供了一个新的方案。
宋波, 张文胜, 漆小泉 . 黄淮海平原高盐低产田水稻覆膜旱直播滴灌栽培技术的建立及应用效果[J]. 中国稻米, 2023 , 29(2) : 103 -107 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.02.021
Dry direct seeding and drip irrigation cultivation system with mulching film for rice is a high-efficiency water-saving agricultural system, which realizes the integrated operation of water supply and fertilization, and has high utilization prospects in water-deficient area. 100 drought and salt-tolerant japonica rice varieties were selected and studied for the application effect of this system in high-salt and low-yield fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in the experiment. The results showed that, there were 15 varieties with seedling survival rate greater than 80.0%, 12 varieties with a tiller number more than 11.0, 10 varieties with a plant height taller than 80.0 cm, 3 varieties with theoretical yield more than 400.0 kg/667 m2. At the same time, it was found that this system could reduce the salinity of the soil from 0.7% to 0.2%, greatly reducing the impact of salt stress on rice growth from measurement of the soil salinity of under the film in each growth period of rice. Therefore, this system not only can applly in dry direct seeding for rice in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, but also provides a new solution for the optimizing of local high- salinity and low-yield fields.
| [1] | 杨劲松, 余世鹏, 刘广明, 等. 黄淮海平原高水肥改良中低产田耕地质量动态评估[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2009, 27(3):232-238. |
| [2] | ZHANG G Q, LIU C W, XIAO C H, et al. Optimizing water use efficiency and economic return of super high yield spring maize under drip irrigation and plastic mulching in arid areas of China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2017, 211: 137-146. |
| [3] | 胡国辉, 朱德峰, 徐一成, 等. 水稻覆膜栽培研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 21(6):163-170. |
| [4] | 史才德. 膜下滴灌技术推广与应用[J]. 农业机械, 2018(9):87-89. |
| [5] | 陈洪玲. 膜下滴灌技术的优势分析及应用技术要点[J]. 现代农村科技, 2017(6):58. |
| [6] | 孙兆强. 膜下滴灌技术在中西部地区农田灌溉中的运用研究[J]. 黑龙江水利科技, 2020, 48(4):158-160. |
| [7] | 王才林, 张亚东, 赵凌, 等. 耐盐碱水稻研究现状、问题与建议[J]. 中国稻米, 2019, 25(1):1-6. |
| [8] | 王艳, 王正祥, 廉晓娟, 等. 天津滨海地区土壤电导率的测定及其与含盐量的关系[J]. 天津农业科学, 2011, 17(2):18-21. |
| [9] | ZHANG Q. Strategies for developing green super rice[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007, 104: 16 402-16 409. |
| [10] | TESTER M, DAVENPORT R. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants[J]. Annals of Botany, 2003, 91(5): 503-527 |
| [11] | 王旭明, 赵夏夏, 陈景阳, 等. 盐胁迫下海水稻抗逆生理响应分析[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2019, 27(5):747-756. |
| [12] | 孙兆军. 中国北方典型盐碱地生态修复[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017:126-199. |
| [13] | 于宝勒. 盐碱地修复利用措施研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(7):81-87. |
| [14] | 罗代雄, 马云瑞, 何尚仁, 等. 银北河西灌区水盐平衡状况与盐渍土改良关键技术措施[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 1995(1):39-43. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |