改性稻秸生物质炭对水田土壤及水稻植株Cd2+的钝化效应
收稿日期: 2022-12-26
网络出版日期: 2023-07-26
基金资助
吉林省大学生科技创新创业训练计划项目(S202111439067);吉林省重点研发计划项目(20210202118NC);吉林市科技创新发展计划项目(20210103074)
Passivated Effect of Modified Rice Straw Biochar on Cd2+ in Paddy Soil and Rice Plant
Received date: 2022-12-26
Online published: 2023-07-26
采用亚克力管套作法，以稻秸生物质炭（BC）为原料，通过KMnO4浸渍（BC-Mn）、NaOH碱化（BC-Na）、羟基磷灰石浸渍（BC-H）和FeC13浸渍（BC-Fe）4种改性手段制备相应的生物质炭，设置0、0.3和0.6 kg/m2的投加量，以揭示改性稻秸生物质炭对水田土壤及水稻植株Cd2+的钝化效应。结果表明：1）在未施加生物质炭的情况下，水田土壤有效态镉含量会随水稻生育期延长而不断累积，当各类生物质炭投加量为0.3和0.6 kg/m2时，与秧苗期相比，水稻成熟期土壤有效态镉含量均有所降低，投加量为0.3 kg/m2时，BC-Mn处理下的土壤有效态镉含量降幅最大，而在投加量为0.6 kg/m2时，改性稻秸生物质炭对土壤有效态镉含量的钝化效应均不如生物质炭原样；2）在投加各类生物质炭后，与秧苗期相比，在水稻成熟期，水田土壤全镉含量均有不同程度降低，其中，效果最显著的为BC-Na处理，土壤全镉含量会随BC-Na投加量的增加而降幅增大；与秧苗期相比，各类生物质炭的投加均有利于水稻成熟期土壤有机质含量的提高，其中，BC处理对于土壤有机质的提升作用显著高于改性处理的生物质炭；3）水稻植株各部位富集Cd2+的能力依次为茎>叶>籽粒。水田土壤中投加BC-Na与BC-Fe可有效降低水稻籽粒中Cd2+的含量，且二者的效果优于BC，尤其是BC-Fe处理。
魏亮亮, 刘妁丹, 李敏, 王莹, 李颜朵, 赵泓博, 王楠 . 改性稻秸生物质炭对水田土壤及水稻植株Cd2+的钝化效应[J]. 中国稻米, 2023 , 29(4) : 72 -77 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.04.013
The passivated effect of rice straw biochar (BC) and its modified biochars impregnated with KMnO4, NaOH alkalization, hydroxyapatite impregnation and FeC13 impregnation modification methods on Cd2+ in paddy field soil and rice plant were studied by the method of acrylic casing, the dosage of 0, 0.3 and 0.6 kg/m2. The results showed that: 1) Without applying biochar, the content of available Cd2+ in paddy field soil could continue to accumulate with the rice growth period. Compared with the seedling stage, the available Cd2+ content in the soil decreased at the rice mature stage. When the dosage of biochar was 0.3 kg/m2, the available Cd2+ content in paddy field soil decreased the most under the BC-Mn treatment. At the dosage of biochar 0.6 kg/m2, the passivated effect of modified rice straw biochars on the available Cd2+ content was not as good as that of the original biochar. 2) After adding biochar, compared with the seedling stage, the total Cd2+ content in paddy field soil at the mature stage of rice decreased to varying degrees. Among them, the most significant effect was BC-Na treatment, and the total Cd2+ content decreased with the increase of BC-Na dosage. Compared with the rice seedling stage, the addition of biochar was beneficial to the improvement of soil organic matter content at the mature stage of rice. Among them, the effect of original biochar on soil organic matter content was significantly higher than that of the modified biochars. 3) The ability of each organ of the rice plant to enrich Cd2+ was in the following order: stem>leaf>grain. The application of BC-Na and BC-Fe in paddy soil could effectively reduce the content of Cd2+ in the rice grain, and which was better than BC, especially the BC-Fe treatment.
Key words： rice straw; biochar; modified; cadmium; passivated effect
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