近年来，黑龙江省水稻品种选育取得重要进展，绥粳18、龙粳31、绥粳27等品种推广面积多次位列全国常规稻第一；创新了多项育种新理论和方法，“水稻遗传资源的创制和保护”成果获“国家科技进步奖”一等奖，“寒地早粳稻优质高产多抗龙粳新品种选育及应用”成果获“国家科技进步奖”二等奖。但与国外或国内其他一些省份相比，黑龙江省水稻品种选育手段比较单一、选择效率较低，在基因编辑、全基因组选择、分子设计和人工智能育种等新兴领域创新仍不足。最后提出了黑龙江省水稻品种选育的方向和对策。

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the rice varieties breeding in Heilongjiang Province. The promotion area of varieties such as Suijing 18, Longjing 31, and Suijing 27 has repeatedly ranked first among conventional rice varieties in China. A number of new breeding theories and methods were innovated. The “Creation and protection of Rice Genetic Resources” project won the first prize of the “National Science and Technology Progress Award”, the “Breeding and Application of New Early Longjing Japonica Rice Varieties with Good Quality, High Yield and Multi-resistance in cold region” project won the second prize of “National Science and Technology Progress Award”. However, compared with abroad or some other provinces domestically, the rice varieties breeding methods in Heilongjiang Province were relatively single and the selection efficiency was low, innovation in emerging fields such as gene editing, whole genome selection, molecular design, and artificial intelligence breeding was still insufficient. Finally, the article provided the direction and strategies for rice variety breeding in Heilongjiang Province.