为改良西藏墨脱特色水稻品种加巴热对稻瘟病和白叶枯病的抗性，通过杂交、回交和自交，将供体亲本H437所携带的稻瘟病抗性基因Pik-H4、Pita、Pi2及白叶枯病抗性基因Xa23导入至加巴热中，结合分子标记辅助选择（MAS）技术，成功获得3个改良株系，分别命名为L1、L2和L3。抗病鉴定结果显示，这3个改良株系对稻瘟病和白叶枯病的抗性均得到显著提升，其抗性水平明显优于高感品种加巴热；在农艺性状方面，除L2的株高（162.3 cm）显著低于加巴热（166.7 cm）之外，改良株系的其余农艺性状与加巴热相比均未表现出显著差异；在品质性状方面，改良株系糙米率、整精米率、直链淀粉含量等指标与加巴热基本一致。本研究表明，利用MAS技术将多个广谱抗性基因进行聚合，能够定向增强加巴热对稻瘟病和白叶枯病的抗性。这一研究成果为藏区特色水稻品种的抗病改良以及产业化应用提供了切实有效的策略。

To improve the resistance of the rice variety Jiabare from Motuo, to rice blast and bacterial leaf blight, molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) technology was employed. Through hybridization, backcrossing, selfing, and integration with MAS technology, the rice blast resistance genes Pik-H4, Pita, Pi2, and the bacterial leaf blight resistance gene Xa23 carried by the donor parent H437 were introduced into Jiabare, three improved lines, designated as L1, L2, and L3, were successfully obtained. Disease resistance evaluation results indicated that the resistance of these three improved lines to both rice blast and bacterial leaf blight was significantly enhanced, with their resistance levels markedly superior to that of the highly susceptible variety Jiabare. In terms of agronomic traits, except for the significantly lower plant height of L2 (162.3 cm) compared to Jiabare (166.7 cm), the other agronomic traits of the improved lines showed no significant differences from those of Jiabare. Regarding quality traits, indicators such as brown rice rate, head rice rate, and amylose content of the improved lines were basically consistent with those of Jiabare. This study demonstrates that the aggregation of multiple broad-spectrum resistance genes using MAS technology can directionally enhance the resistance of Jiabare to rice blast and bacterial leaf blight. This research outcome provides practical and effective strategies for the disease-resistant improvement and industrial application of rice varieties in Xizang regions.