为明确黑龙江省主栽水稻品种对稻曲病的抗性水平，本研究首先通过对比不同稻曲病菌株的生物学特性差异，筛选出强致病菌株。随后，利用室内人工接种法和田间自然诱发法，对 47 个主栽水稻品种的综合抗性进行了鉴定。结果显示，稻曲病菌株Uv-AC-5、Uv-WC-1、Uv-QA-3在菌丝生长速率、产孢量以及菌株孢子萌发率等方面展现出相对优势，因此被选作人工接种稻曲病的混合接种菌株。对47份主栽水稻品种的综合抗性分析表明，不同供试水稻品种的抗性水平存在差异，总体抗感比为 57.45∶42.55。其中，抗性品种4个，中抗品种23个。本研究结果为黑龙江稻区稻曲病的防控以及抗病品种的选育利用提供了科学依据。

To clarify the resistance levels of main cultivated rice varieties to rice false smut in Heilongjiang Province, this study first screened highly pathogenic strains by comparing the differences in biological characteristics among various rice false smut strains. Subsequently, the comprehensive resistance of 47 main cultivated rice varieties was evaluated using two methods: indoor artificial inoculation and field natural induction. The results indicated that the rice false smut strains Uv-AC-5, Uv-WC-1, and Uv-QA-3 exhibited relative advantages in terms of mycelial growth rate, sporulation capacity, and spore germination rate. Therefore, they were selected as the mixed inoculation strains for artificial inoculation of rice false smut. The analysis of the comprehensive resistance of the 47 main cultivated rice varieties revealed differences in resistance levels among the tested rice varieties, with an overall resistance-susceptibility ratio of 57.45∶42.55. Among them, there were 4 resistant varieties and 23 moderately resistant varieties. The finding of this study provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rice false smut in rice-growing areas of Heilongjiang Province, as well as for the selection and utilization of resistant varieties.