水稻品种与肥料管理的优化互作对气态氮排放与产量的协同效应
收稿日期: 2025-08-17
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
衢州市科技计划项目(2023K079);国家自然科学基金(42177455);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202408);中国农业科学院创新工程项目(ASTIP);农业农村长期因子综合观测工作项目(CALTON-FY)
Synergistic Effects of Optimized Interaction Between Rice Variety and Fertilizer Management on Gaseous Nitrogen Emissions and Rice Yield
Received date: 2025-08-17
Online published: 2026-03-11
稻田是我国主要的粮食生产基地，同时也是重要的气态氮排放源。开展稻田氮减排研究对于保障国家粮食安全、减少氮污染均具有至关重要的意义。本研究采用随机区组裂区试验设计，主区设置常规施肥（CK）、控释肥（CRN）和尿素配施硝化抑制剂（DMPP）3种处理，氮磷钾总量一致，副区设置中浙优8号、甬优1540和浙禾香2号3个水稻品种，旨在探究水稻品种与肥料管理措施互作对稻田气态氮排放特征和水稻产量的影响。研究结果显示，DMPP处理与水稻品种互作能够显著降低氧化亚氮（N2O）累积排放量；在CRN处理下，种植甬优1540的稻田N2O排放量最低；种植中浙优8号和甬优1540稻田的氨（NH3）挥发总量较低，分别为48.1 kg/hm2和57.9 kg/hm2；从气态氮累积排放总量来看，中浙优8号、甬优1540与控释肥（CRN）互作模式显著低于其他互作模式。从产量上看，种植甬优1540并配施控释肥（CRN）的处理产量最高。因此，综合考虑水稻单产提升与气态氮污染控制两方面因素，种植甬优1540并配施控释肥，能够实现水稻丰产与气态氮减排的双重目标。
莫小荣, 许长鑫, 冯金飞, 王亚茹, 王宏航, 李凤博 . 水稻品种与肥料管理的优化互作对气态氮排放与产量的协同效应[J]. 中国稻米, 2026 , 32(2) : 75 -80 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.02.012
Rice paddies are a primary grain production base in China and also a significant source of gaseous nitrogen emissions. Research on nitrogen emission reduction in paddy fields is crucial for ensuring national food security and mitigating nitrogen pollution. This study employed a randomized complete block split-plot design, with main plots subjected to three fertilizer treatments with the same total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: conventional fertilization (CK), controlled-release fertilizer (CRN), and urea supplemented with a nitrification inhibitor (DMPP), with same N, P, K total quantity. The subplots were planted with three rice varieties: Zhongzheyou 8, Yongyou 1540, and Zhehexiang 2. The objective was to investigate the interactive effects of rice variety and fertilizer management practices on gaseous nitrogen emissions in paddy fields and rice yields. The results demonstrated that the interaction between DMPP treatment and rice variety significantly reduced cumulative nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Under the CRN treatment, plots planted with Yongyou 1540 exhibited the lowest N2O emissions. Plots planted with Zhongzheyou 8 and Yongyou 1540, both amended with CRN, showed lower total ammonia (NH3) volatilization, at 48.1 kg/ha and 57.9 kg/hm2, respectively. Regarding total gaseous nitrogen emissions, the interaction modes involving Zhongzheyou 8 or Yongyou 1540 with CRN resulted in significantly lower cumulative emissions compared to other interaction modes. In terms of yield, the combination of planting Yongyou 1540 with CRN application achieved the highest grain yield. Consequently, considering both grain yield increase and gaseous nitrogen pollution control, cultivating Yongyou 1540 in combination with CRN application can achieve the dual objectives of high rice yield and reduced gaseous nitrogen emissions.
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