新一轮千亿斤粮食产能提升行动事关国家粮食安全大局和发展根基，是一场必须打赢的攻坚战。湖北作为全国13个粮食主产省之一，必须坚决扛起农业大省的政治责任。水稻是湖北第一大粮食作物，大面积提升水稻单产是其实现国家粮食产能提升目标的重要组成部分。为探索单产提升的有效路径，我们深入全省水稻主产区开展实地调研，系统梳理了政策扶持、资源条件、技术应用及产业发展等方面的现状与成效，精准识别制约单产提升的瓶颈问题，并针对性地提出了大面积单产提升的实施路径。旨在为湖北省扎实推进此项工作提供全面、科学且具有操作性的决策参考。

The new round of the “100 Billion Jin Grain Production Capacity Enhancement Initiative” is crucial to national food security and long-term development, representing a tough battle that must be won. As one of China’s thirteen major grain-producing provinces, Hubei must resolutely shoulder its political responsibility as a leading agricultural province. Rice is the largest grain crop in Hubei, and significantly increasing its per-unit yield is an essential component of achieving the national production capacity target. To explore effective pathways for increasing yield per unit area, we conducted field investigations across the province’s main rice-growing areas, systematically reviewed the current status and outcomes of policy support, resource conditions, technology application, and industrial development, accurately identified bottlenecks constraining yield increases, and proposed targeted implementation strategies for large-scale yield improvement. This study aims to provide comprehensive, scientific, and actionable decision-making references for Hubei to advance this work in a solid and effective manner.