水稻是海南农业的核心支柱产业，其高质量发展不仅是保障本地区粮食安全的关键支撑，也是推动海南建设热带特色高效农业强省的核心引擎，对全省农业提质升级具有重要的引领和示范作用。本文基于农业高质量发展所涵盖的创新驱动、绿色可持续、效率提升、产业融合与包容共享五大核心理念，系统梳理了海南水稻产业的发展现状，并运用SWOT分析方法，从基础优势、制约因素、外部机遇与现实挑战四个维度展开深入剖析。在此基础上，以“发挥优势、弥补短板、把握机遇、应对挑战”为战略导向，提出七条推动海南水稻产业高质量发展的实施路径：夯实品种基础，深化示范展示；强化科技支撑，突破产业瓶颈；推广生态高效轮作，探索绿色可持续路径；升级服务体系，助力产业效率提升；优化加工布局，完善供应链体系；构建品牌矩阵，促进“三产”融合；完善精准补贴机制，创新政策链支持。本文研究成果可为新形势下海南水稻产业高质量发展的战略规划与政策制定提供科学依据。

Rice serves as the core pillar industry of Hainan’s agriculture. Its high-quality development not only provides crucial support for ensuring regional food security but also acts as the core engine driving Hainan’s efforts to build itself into a strong province of tropical characteristical and high-efficiency agriculture, playing a significant leading and exemplary role in upgrading the quality of agriculture across the entire province. Based on the five core concepts encompassed by high-quality agricultural development—innovation-driven, green and sustainable, efficiency enhancement, industrial integration, and inclusive sharing—this paper systematically reviews the current development status of Hainan’s rice industry and employs the SWOT analysis method to conduct an in-depth examination from fourational strengths, weakness external opportunities, and practical threats. Building on this analysis, with the strategic orientation of “leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, seizing opportunities, and tacing challenges,” seven implementation paths are proposed to promote the high-quality development of Hainan’s rice industry: consolidating the variety foundation and deepening demonstration and exhibition; strengthening scientific and technological support to break through industrial bottlenecks; promoting ecologically efficient crop rotation and exploring green and sustainable pathways; upgrading service systems to enhance industrial efficiency; optimizing processing layouts and improving supply chain systems; constructing a brand matrix to facilitate the integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries; and refining precision subsidy mechanisms and innovating policy chain support. The research findings can provide a scientific basis for strategic planning and policy formulation for the high-quality development of Hainan’s rice industry under the new circumstances.