猪粪浆肥替代化肥对闽西南双季稻产量、养分吸收和土壤理化性质的影响
收稿日期: 2025-12-29
网络出版日期: 2026-07-14
基金资助
福建省农业农村厅2023年农业资源与生态保护专项“畜禽粪污资源化利用提升工程(畜禽粪肥还田试验)”(闽财农指〔2023〕18号)
Effects of Substituting Chemical Fertilizer with Pig Slurry on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Double-Cropping Rice in Southwest Fujian
Received date: 2025-12-29
Online published: 2026-07-14
粪肥还田是实现化肥减量增效与畜禽粪污资源化利用并举的有效途径。本研究在闽西南的上杭县设置田间试验,以猪粪浆肥替代部分化肥,探讨不同替代比例对土壤养分、双季稻产量及植株养分吸收的影响。结果表明,与农户习惯施肥(T1,施肥量:N 9.89 kg/667 m2、P2O5 0.00 kg/667 m2、K2O 6.00 kg/667 m2)相比,100%猪粪肥处理(不施化肥,施猪粪肥7.06 t/667 m2,含N 9.89 kg/667 m2、P2O5 24.72 kg/667 m2、K2O 14.13 kg/667 m2)可显著提升早稻稻谷产量5.78%、稻草产量32.35%,增加株高3.69%、有效穗数15.24%、每穗粒数4.81%和结实率26.79%,提高稻米氮吸收量13.67%;200%猪粪肥处理(不施化肥,施猪粪肥14.12 t/667 m2,含N 19.78 kg/667 m2、P2O5 49.45 kg/667 m2、K2O 28.26 kg/667 m2)使晚稻稻谷和稻草产量分别增加6.21%与44.07%,株高、有效穗数和每穗粒数分别增加1.77%、2.21%和12.33%,稻米氮、磷、钾吸收量分别提高22.22%、5.00%和3.38%。施用猪粪肥亦显著改善土壤理化性质:100%猪粪肥处理稻田土粒密度、pH、全磷、碱解氮和有效磷含量较T1处理分别增加2.70%、4.08%、36.14%、3.01%和127.06%,200%猪粪肥处理相应指标增幅为2.70%、7.55%、75.90%、16.10%和209.41%。本研究结果可为确定猪粪浆肥替代化肥适宜比例及双季稻区粪肥还田提供科学依据。
华兆才, 王均辉, 王利民, 黄东风, 梁永英, 林伟明, 吕荣海, 陈福科 . 猪粪浆肥替代化肥对闽西南双季稻产量、养分吸收和土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2026 , 32(4) : 116 -121 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.04.020
Returning manure to cropland is an effective approach to simultaneously reduce chemical fertilizer use while improving its efficiency and promoting the resource utilization of livestock waste. A field experiment was conducted in Shanghang County, Southwest Fujian, to investigate the effects of substituting chemical fertilizers with pig slurry at different rates on soil nutrients, double-cropping rice yield, and plant nutrient uptake. Compared with farmers’ conventional fertilization (N 9.89 kg/667 m2, P2O5 0.00 kg/667 m2, K2O 6.00 kg/667 m2, T1), the 100% pig slurry treatment (application rate: 7.06 t/667 m2, containing N 9.89 kg/667 m2, P2O5 24.72 kg/667 m2, K2O 14.13 kg/667 m2) significantly increased early-season rice grain and straw yields by 5.78% and 32.35%, respectively. Plant height, number of productive panicles, grains per panicle, and seed setting rate increased by 3.69%, 15.24%, 4.81%, and 26.79%, respectively, and nitrogen uptake in rice grains was enhanced by 13.67%. The 200% pig slurry treatment (14.12 t/667 m2, containing N 19.78 kg/667 m2, P2O5 49.45 kg/667 m2, K2O 28.26 kg/667 m2) increased late-season rice grain and straw yields by 6.21% and 44.07%, respectively. Plant height, number of productive panicles, and grains per panicle rose by 1.77%, 2.21%, and 12.33%, respectively, while nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake in rice grains increased by 22.22%, 5.00%, and 3.38%, respectively. Soil physicochemical properties were also markedly improved. In the 100% pig slurry treatment, bulk density, pH, total P, alkali-hydrolyzable N, and available P increased by 2.70%, 4.08%, 36.14%, 3.01%, and 127.06%, respectively, compared with T1 treatment. Corresponding increases in the 200% treatment were 2.70%, 7.55%, 75.90%, 16.10%, and 209.41%. These results provide a scientific basis for determining appropriate pig slurry substitution rates for chemical fertilizers and for promoting manure application in double-cropping rice systems.
Key words： rice; pig slurry; chemical fertilizer reduction; double-cropping rice; soil fertility; yield
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