水稻抗性淀粉含量调控的分子机制及精准遗传改良研究进展
收稿日期: 2025-09-19
网络出版日期: 2026-07-14
基金资助
河南省科技研发计划联合基金(优势学科培育类)项目(242301420133);河南省科技攻关计划项目(212102110064);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A180012)
Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Regulation and Precision Genetic Improvement of Resistant Starch Content in Rice
Received date: 2025-09-19
Online published: 2026-07-14
抗性淀粉(Resistant Starch,RS)作为人体中一种缓慢分解淀粉和新型膳食纤维,不仅可增强饱腹感,还能有效预防糖尿病患者的代谢综合征。近年来,研究者围绕水稻RS的合成调控机制开展了大量工作,在相关基因的挖掘以及水稻RS的遗传改良方面取得了丰硕成果。其中,如何精准调控RS含量,以及如何通过遗传手段优化其合成途径,已成为提升水稻营养价值的核心科学问题。本文基于上述背景,系统解析了RS的生物合成机制,详细介绍了水稻 RS 遗传改良的主要技术方法,并归纳整理了在调控过程中发挥关键作用的相关基因,以期为功能性水稻的遗传改良提供理论依据与参考,推动水稻RS遗传改良研究迈上新台阶。
李先婷, 张诗倩, 张金霞, 章怡静, 张佩佩, 丰柳春, 姬生栋, 解晶, 桑世飞 . 水稻抗性淀粉含量调控的分子机制及精准遗传改良研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2026 , 32(4) : 31 -36 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.04.006
Resistant starch (RS), as a novel type of slowly decompose starch and new dietary fiber, not only enhances satiety but also effectively helps prevent metabolic syndrome in patients with diabetes. In recent years, researchers have conducted extensive studies on the regulatory mechanisms underlying resistant starch synthesis in rice, achieving fruitful results in the identification of related genes and the genetic improvement of rice resistant starch content. Among these advances, precise regulation of RS content and optimization of its biosynthetic pathway through genetic approaches have emerged as core scientific issues for enhancing the nutritional value of rice. Based on this background, this paper systematically analyzes the biosynthetic mechanism of resistant starch, details the main technical methods for RS genetic improvement in rice, and summarizes key genes involved in the regulatory process. The aim is to provide theoretical basis and reference for the genetic improvement of functional rice, thereby advancing research on the genetic enhancement of resistant starch in rice to a new stage.
Key words： rice; resistant starch; biosynthesis mechanism; genetic improvement
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