随着人们生活品质的不断提升,对具备高营养价值大米的需求量与日俱增,彩色稻凭借其独特优势,已然成为人们餐桌上的新选择。然而,彩色稻存在的抗性较弱以及产量较低等问题亟待解决。本研究选用渝紫红叶1号和渝黄叶1号为材料开展盆栽试验,深入探讨了彩色稻抽穗期叶面喷施不同浓度花青素(CK,0 g/L;T1,1 g/L;T2, 3 g/L)对其生理特性及产量的影响。结果显示,与CK相比,在T2处理下,彩色稻倒1叶顶端、中部和基部的SPAD值显著提升7.63%、4.95%和6.26%;T1与T2处理不仅提高了彩色稻抗氧化酶的活性,还有效降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量;T1和T2处理均能显著提高彩色稻的产量,其中T2处理效果最为突出,渝紫红叶1号和渝黄叶1号T2处理产量比CK分别提升12.99%和8.17%。本研究证实,在彩色稻抽穗期叶面喷施花青素溶液,能够通过调节其抗氧化系统,有效缓解植株所面临的生理胁迫,进而增强抗氧化酶系统的响应能力,最终实现产量的提升。

As people’s life quality continues to improve, the demand for rice with high nutritional value has been steadily increasing. Leveraging its unique advantages, colored rice has emerged as a new choice on people’s dining tables. However, issues such as its relatively weak resistance and low yield urgently need to be addressed. In this study, a potted experiment was conducted using Yuzihongye 1 and Yuhuangye 1 as the materials to thoroughly explore the effects of foliar spraying of different concentrations of anthocyanins (CK, 0 g/L; T1, 1 g/L; T2, 3 g/L) during the heading stage on the physiological characteristics and yield of colored rice. The results showed that compared with CK, under the T2 treatment, the SPAD values at the top, middle, and base of the first inverted leaf of colored rice all increased significantly, with increases of 7.63%, 4.95%, and 6.26%, respectively. Both T1 and T2 treatments not only enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in colored rice but also effectively reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, both T1 and T2 treatments significantly increased the yield of colored rice, with T2 treatment demonstrating the most prominent effect, resulting in yield increases of 12.99% and 8.17% for Yuzihongye 1 and Yuhuangye 1, respectively. This study confirmed that foliar spraying of anthocyanin solution during the heading stage of colored rice could effectively alleviate physiological stress faced by the plants by regulating their antioxidant system, thereby enhancing the responsiveness of the antioxidant enzyme system and ultimately increasing yield.