The rice and grian policy in China after reform and opening up are discussed in the paper. National grain production and circulation administrating from planning and managing openly, to marketization managing and macroeconomic regulation and control are divided into three periods: 1) change of unified procurement and sales from 1979 and rapid increasement of grain production from 5 1st national documents in 1982-1986; 2) pay attention to grain and controlled managing grain after decreasement of agriculture because industrialization; 3) marketization managing and macroeconomic regulation and control and developing with subsidies from 2004.