The main quality indexes of 221 fine quality rice varieties in Hunan province in the past 30 years were analyzed, and the relationship between quality traits and grade was explored. The results showed that the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree bigger, the quality grade was low, while quality grade rose with the increasing of milled rice length width ratio and gel consistency within a certain range. The brown rice rate requirement of the second and third class quality rice of  Hunan Province is higher than the corresponding national standard, but the chalkiness degree and gel consistency requirements is lower than the national standard. The quality of fine quality rice has greatly improved in recent 30 years in Hunan, but the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree was generally higher. Correlation analysis showed that the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree had a significantly positive correlation with brown rice rate and milled rice rate, and had significant negative correlation with milled rice length width ratio, head milled rice rate, gel consistency, alkali spreading value and taste. However, the milled rice length width ratio and head milled rice rate had a significant positive correlation with the gel consistency, alkali spreading value and taste.