Field experiment was carried out to study the planting performance of different ecological type japonica rice along the Yangtze River in Anhui province. The results showed that:  both in vegetative growth stage and maturity stage, the plant height are significantly lower than that of indica hybrid rice; japonica rice have short and stiff leaves, erect panicle and high grain density, strong lodging resistance; the leaf growth of japonica rice are significantly faster than indica hybrid rice, and the leave numbers are more than hybrid indica rice in the same heading stage; the tillering ability of japonica rice are weaker than indica hybrid rice, but the spike rate are significantly higher than indica hybrid rice; most japonica rice are middle panicle type varieties, and the effective panicles are significantly more than indica hybrid rice, the 1000-grain-weight are similar to indica hybrid rice, the seed setting rate of japonica rice are higher than that of indica hybrid rice, and easy to achieve high yield in precise and quantitative cultivation. Compared with indica hybrid rice, the late maturing and middle maturing middle season japonica rice have the advantage in yield, and the early maturing late season japonica rice have no advantage in yield.