Liangyou 616 is the key super rice for demonstration and extension of Wuping County. The author conducted investigation, path analysis and correlation analysis on its yield components. The results showed that the main yield components were positively correlated with yield, the total grain number per panicle and effective panicles were extremely significant positive correlation with yield, and had greater contribution to yield than seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. In order to achieve high and stable yield, the cultivation techniques should focus on total grains per panicle and effective panicles per unit area, and promote big spike, coordinate the relationship between the yield components.