The initial stage, shock stage and occurrence degree of early rice sheath blight with hand transplanting, machine transplanting and direct seeding were studied. The results showed that the initial stage of sheath blight with hand transplanting was earlier 5 days than the other two planting patterns in the same sowing date; the shock stage of sheath blight with direct seeding was earlier 10~20 days than the other two planting patterns. The disease index of sheath blight performance: direct seeding > hand transplanting > machine transplanting, the disease index of direct seeding was significant heavier than that of the other two planting patterns at 15~20 d after the initial stage of sheath blight, the disease index of hand transplanting and machine transplanting had no significant difference. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the control of sheath blight and practice early in direct seeding early rice.