Lack of high-performance varieties is the bottleneck problem of high-quality rice production in Hubei Province. In this study, 26 high-quality rice varieties newly collected nationwide were used as experimental materials. Under field conditions, the method of staged sowing was used to evaluate the performance of each variety from the four aspects of yield, key quality indicators, taste and stress resistance to select high-quality rice varieties with good adaptability in the region. The results showed that there were 14 varieties had excellent overall performance, and the key quality indicators reached National Standard Level 1, and the taste score was above 85. The average yield of the tested varieties is 519.7 kg/667 m². Some varieties performed well in stress resistance, but the varieties that accounted for about 50% of the total showed poor lodging resistance and quality under high temperature conditions, and some varieties had weak tolerance to major diseases. It can be seen that our country has bred a number of high-quality rice varieties with good adaptability in the Jianghan Plain, and it is expected to achieve the goal of “double-excellence” of quality and yield by adopting supporting cultivation techniques.