In order to screen and optimize the high-yield and high-efficiency fertilization model of synchronous side-deep fertilization for mechanical transplanting of early indica rice, taking conventional early indica rice variety Zhefu 203 as test material, the effects of different fertilization patterns and fertilization rates on the yield and yield components, the dynamics of stem and tiller development, fertilizer efficiency and production cost of early indica rice were studied. The results showed that model of synchronous side-deep fertilization with conventional fertilizers （A1） was superior to the model of synchronous side deep fertilization with special controlled-release fertilizers （A2） in terms of yield level, output value, economic benefits and fertilizer agronomic efficiency, and was higher than or close to the conventional high-yield cultivation model （CK1）, significantly higher than the labor-saving cultivation model （CK2）; the production cost is significantly lower than A2 and CK1. Among the three fertilization levels, the yield, output value and economic benefits of the 15% fertilizer reduction treatment （B2） was higher than full fertilizer treatment （B1）, and significantly higher than 30% fertilizer reduction treatment （B3）, and the yield and efficiency are higher than CK1. Through comprehensive comparison, the high-yield and high-efficiency fertilization model with synchronous side-deep fertilization for mechanical transplanting of early indica rice was as follows: 15% reduction of common fertilizer （pure N 166.5 kg/hm ², P₂O₅ 70.5 kg/ hm², K₂O 141.0 kg/hm²）, 77% N, 100% P and 65% K applied simultaneously at the side of machine, and artificial spreaded 23% N and 35% K in heading stage.