In order to ascertain the effects of different duck density and planting density on dry matter production characteristics of organic cultivation rice, a two-factor split plot design experiment was carried out with Yixiangyou 2115 as the material in Sansui County in 2020, in which duck density was the main plot factor and planting density was the sub plot factor. The results showed that the leaf area index of rice at booting and heading stage increased first and then decreased with the increase of duck density, and the highest value was found at 450 ducks/hm². At the same time, stoching duck increased dry matter accumulation in early and late growth period of rice, but reduced dry matter accumulation in middle growth period. Compared with the treatment without duck, the spikelet number per panicle was significantly improved in the treatment with duck. The yield of rice increased first and then decreased with the increase of duck density. High planting density increased the highest tiller number, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and translocation at different growth stages, and significantly increased yield. The highest yield was 7 131.12 kg/hm² when the stocking density was 634 ducks/hm² and the planting density was 191 000 clumps/hm².