The effects of deep side fertilization on the yield and quality of single-season japonica rice in Lixiahe area were studied, with high-quality japonica rice Nangeng 9108 and Nangeng 5718 as materials, and conventional fertilization （the nitrogen application rate is 300 kg/hm², and the ratio of basal nitrogen fertilizer and panicle nitrogen fertilizer is 7∶3） as control, 6 deep side fertilization treatments were: the basal nitrogen fertilizer was 100%（T1）、90%（T2）、85%（T3）、80%（T4）、75%（T5） and 70%（T6） of the conventional treatment, respectively,and the amount of panicle nitrogen fertilizer is the same as the conventional fertilization treatment. The results showed that the T1 treatment significantly improved the rice yield, the yield of the two varieties increased by 9.49% and 8.23% respectively compared with CK, and the economic benefit increased significantly. At the same time, the processing quality and nutritional quality of the rice were improved, but the eating quality of the rice was not improved. Compared with CK, there was no significant difference in the yield of the two varieties treated with T3, but the processing quality, appearance quality and eating quality of rice were improved. T3 treatment is a high-quality and stable-yielding fertilization method.