Soil acidification is becoming more and more serious in the southern double cropping rice region, which has become one of the main factors restricting the increase of rice yield. A large number of studies have shown that the application of limes could significantly alleviate soil acidification and increase rice yield. However, there are few studies on the impact of lime application on rice quality, and it is not clear whether there are differences in the application effects of different lime substances. In 2021, a field experiment was conducted on a typical acidic double-cropping rice field in Jiangxi Province to clarify the effects of different lime substances (calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate) on the yield and quality of high-quality rice (Qiliangyou 2012 for early rice and Meixiangzhan 2 for late rice). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the application effects of different lime substances, and the application of limes had no significant effect on the yield, quality and nitrogen absorption uptake of early rice. However, compared with the control without lime application, the treatment with calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate significantly increased the yield of late rice by 11.3%, 17.3% and 17.6%, significantly increased the nitrogen absorption uptake by 16.6%, 17.1% and 13.5%, significantly increased the rate of milled rice and head rice by 1.3%-2.1% and 6.1%-6.3%, respectively, and significantly decreased the amylose content by 4.7%-4.8%. Compared with the control without lime application, the pH value of early rice paddy soil was significantly increased by 0.52, 0.42 and 0.50 units respectively, and 0.41, 0.57 and 0.48 units respectively in the treatment of late rice paddy soil in the treatment of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate. It can be seen that the application of lime in acid rice fields can improve the processing and eating quality of late rice while improving soil acidification