The application of appropriate foliar fertilizer is beneficial to the growth and yield of rice. The effects of five types of foliar fertilizers on nutrient absorption, yield of rice and damage of Chilo suppressalis were compared in the experiment. The results showed that all the five types of foliar fertilizer could increase the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn and Mo in rice root and shoot, and significantly increase rice yield by 3.88%-7.47%. Among them, RUIPUSHENG and FENGRUIDA had the most significant effect on yield increase, followed by BIAOBANG, XINGWANLI and TIANXU. The main reason of increasing yield by applying foliar fertilizer was the increase of grain number per panicle. The application of XINGWANLI foliar fertilizers significantly decreased the damage percentage of rice clusters and the damage percentage of rice plants, while the other foliar fertilizers had no significont effect on the damage percentage of rice clusters and the damage percentage of rice plants. The economic benefits after applying foliar fertilizers were as follows: FENGRUIDA > RUIPUSHENG > BIAOBANG > TIANXU > XINGWANLI. The foliar fertilizer varieties can be selected according to the actual needs in production.