Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Reduction on Rice Yield and Quality in Integrated Cultivation and Breeding in Rice Fields
Received date: 2023-06-27
Online published: 2023-09-15
Integrated cultivation and breeding in rice fields is a green circular agricultural model that combines rice cultivation with aquaculture and poultry farming. Compared with rice monoculture, the integrated cultivation and breeding in rice fields can reduce the application amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, and plays a role in reducing nitrogen and saving fertilizer. However, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on the yield and quality of rice under the integrated cultivation and breeding modes is not consistent. In this study, a total of 111 articles data with rice monoculture chosen as the control and the integrated cultivation and breeding in rice fields as the treatment published from 2009 to 2021 were collected. The integrated cultivation and breeding mode was divided into four categories: crustaceans, fishery, amphibians and waterfowl. A meta-analysis method was used to evaluate the effect of nitrogen application on rice yield and quality of various integrated cultivation and breeding in rice fields modes, and to quantitatively identify a reasonable nitrogen reduction range without affecting grain yield security. The results showed that in the range of 0~150 and 150~180 kg/hm2 nitrogen (N) application, the rice yield of crustaceans, fishery and waterfowl modes increased by 1.15%~19.00%, 1.45%~27.00% and 3.47%~10.59% respectively compared with rice monoculture. Among which, crustaceans and fishery modes reduced the effective panicles of rice, but increased the rice yield by increasing the seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight. Compared with rice monoculture, the upper limit of nitrogen reduction range of crustaceans, fishery, amphibians, and waterfowl modes was 26.24%, 21.64%, 14.04% and 41.94%, respectively, it can ensure that the rice yield was not less than 7.5 t/hm2. In terms of rice quality, compared with rice monoculture, the fishery and waterfowl mode can improve rice processing, appearance, cooking and nutritional quality in each nitrogen application range. In the range of 150~180 and >180 kg/hm2 nitrogen (N) application, the rice processing and appearance quality of crustaceans and amphibian mode were decreased, but the cooking and nutritional quality improved. The results of this study quantitatively analyzed the suitable nitrogen application range of different integrated cultivation and breeding modes, and provided theoretical basis and practical guidance for each integrated cultivation and breeding mode to reduce nitrogen fertilizer reasonably and promote rice yield and quality.
LI Jingyong, DAI Linxiu, PENG Xiang, YANG Qian, XU Qiang, DOU Zhi, GAO Hui . Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Reduction on Rice Yield and Quality in Integrated Cultivation and Breeding in Rice Fields[J]. China Rice, 2023 , 29(5) : 28 -37 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.05.006
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