In recent years, the scale of integrated cultivation in paddy fields had been rapidly expanded in more than 20 provinces in China, and the model had been innovated and promoted, which had played an important role in the process of poverty alleviation, rural revitalization, and green agricultural development. However, in the integrated cultivation in paddy fields, especially in paddy rotation cultivation, there were still problems such as unreasonable application of fertilizer and pesticide, large input of feed and feed additives, and sewage irrigation, resulting in the continuous enrichment of heavy metal elements from different sources in paddy soil, which will not only affect the normal growth and yield quality of rice and aquatic poultry in the long run, but also have a potential impact on the quality and safety of agricultural products. Therefore, the paper expounded the research progress on the spatial variation characteristics and quality and safety evaluation of heavy metals in the soil of integrated cultivation fields at different scales in China, in order to provide a theoretical reference for promoting the green, high-quality and sustainable development of integrated paddy cultivation.