Rice is one of the main grain crops in Yunnan. Utilizing the unique ecological conditions and natural species gene pool advantages of Yunnan’s low latitude plateau to promote the continuous improvement of rice production capacity, is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of plateau characteristic agriculture and ensuring national food security. This article summarized the development situation of the rice industry in Yunnan Province, analyzed the main problems currently faced, including the insufficient construction of high standard agricultural infrastructure, the increasingly fierce competition for land resources between grain and economic crops, and the low self-sufficiency rate of hybrid indica rice varieties. It proposed straitegy such as accelerating the high-quality construction of agricultural infrastructure, utilizing the advantages of inter-subspecies hybridization, breeding new water-saving and drought-resistant rice varieties, and strengthening the integrated promotion of green and high-efficient models, to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable and high-quality development of the rice industry in Yunnan Province.