The production of ratoon rice has a long history in China, and in recent years, it has continuously achieved new progress and reached new heights. This paper systematically reviews the development history of ratoon rice in China, comprehensively summarizes its development characteristics in the new era from the perspectives of production area, yield level, and planting distribution. Meanwhile, it outlines the remarkable achievements China made in the cultivation and screening of superior ratoon rice varieties, the research, development, and transformation of supporting agricultural machinery, as well as the integration and promotion of relevant technologies. Furthermore, it delves into the existing shortcomings and deficiencies in the development of ratoon rice in China during the new era, including the selection of superior varieties, the formulation of suitable farming methods, the application of advanced machinery, and disaster prevention. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes targeted countermeasure suggestions from multiple aspects, such as strengthening planning guidance, promoting technological research, development, and integrated promotion, and improving socialized services. The aim is to provide valuable references and insights for the future development of ratoon rice in China.