To identify high-yielding ratoon rice varieties suitable for mechanized production in Jiangxi Province, a field trial was conducted in 2024 at the Yujiang Experimental Base of the Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources. The growth period, yield potential, regeneration power, and mechanical rolling resistance of 13 rice varieties were systematically evaluated. The results indicated that: (1) the total growth period of the main crop ranged from 134 to 139 days, with the ratoon crop lasting 69 to 80 days, resulting in a combined growing period of 206 to 215 days; (2) the main crop yields were 362.8-574.9 kg/667 m², ratoon crop yields were 222.9-450.3 kg/667 m², and total two-season yields 621.3-974.9 kg/667 m²; (3) the regeneration force coefficient ranged from 0.54 to 1.09, and the mechanical rolling resistance ranged from 1.3% to 40.6%. A comprehensive evaluation revealed that Weiliangyou 8612 exhibited high total yield, strong regeneration power, and good performance in mechanical rolling resistance, making it well-suited for widespread mechanized ratoon rice cultivation. Hangliangyou 1378, Hanliangyou 8208, and Hanyou 3015 demonstrated strong regeneration power and good performance in mechanical rolling resistance but relatively lower yields, whereas Yongyou 4949, Chenliangyou Feizhan, and Weiliangyou 7713 achieved higher yields but weaker mechanical rolling resistance, so the cultivation technology of these varieties in ratoon rice production should be strengthened.