To clarify the resistance levels of main cultivated rice varieties to rice false smut in Heilongjiang Province, this study first screened highly pathogenic strains by comparing the differences in biological characteristics among various rice false smut strains. Subsequently, the comprehensive resistance of 47 main cultivated rice varieties was evaluated using two methods: indoor artificial inoculation and field natural induction. The results indicated that the rice false smut strains Uv-AC-5, Uv-WC-1, and Uv-QA-3 exhibited relative advantages in terms of mycelial growth rate, sporulation capacity, and spore germination rate. Therefore, they were selected as the mixed inoculation strains for artificial inoculation of rice false smut. The analysis of the comprehensive resistance of the 47 main cultivated rice varieties revealed differences in resistance levels among the tested rice varieties, with an overall resistance-susceptibility ratio of 57.45∶42.55. Among them, there were 4 resistant varieties and 23 moderately resistant varieties. The finding of this study provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rice false smut in rice-growing areas of Heilongjiang Province, as well as for the selection and utilization of resistant varieties.